Composite studding



June 8 1937 E. DQcoDDlNGToN l 2,083,055

COMPOSITE STUDDING Filed Sept. 5, 1955 Aligz.

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Patented June 8, 1937 assets COMPOSITE STUDDING Edwin D. Coddingtcn, Milwaukee, Wis., assigner to Reynolds Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application september 3, 1935, seran No'. 39,029

7 Claims.

This invention relates to building units. Included in the objects of the' invention is the provision of a composite metal and cement stud or studding equal to wood in resisting tensile, compressive, and shearing stresses, but having the advantage of being fire-proof.

Studding of the herein construction is designed for partition walls as well as for the frame work for backing or supporting the outer walls of buildings. studding of the present invention aords eieetive wind bracing so that 'the outer shell ol brick masonry or tile of a house or the like, backed b y such studding may be of minimum thickness without reducing its stability.

It is another object of the present invention to provide studs as cooperable units, nailable the one to the other in any desired relation, such studding to be assembled just as readily as wooden studding members are united. 'y y.

Other objects will appear as the following description of an embodiment of the invention proceeds. In the single sheet of drawings which accompanies and forms a part of this specification, and throughout the several gures thereof and in such speciiication, the same characters of reference have'been employed to designate identical parts.

in said drawing:

Figure l is a perspective View of a plurality of studs embracing the subject matter oi the present invention shown in fabricated relation;

Figure 2 is a perspective view in exploded relation of the metallic skeleton of the studs shown in Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a cross section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

The present invention, as will be apparent from theA drawing and the following description, sub- 40 stitutes composite metallic and cementitious structures for the studding and beams which heretofore generallyhave been of Wood.

Figure 1 illustrates a studding structure comprising upper and lower units I and 2 and a vertical unit 3. Each unit may be of any suitable length. Preferably the units are of certain standard lengths so that they will fit into standard systems of construction. Each unit comprises a skeletal metallic frame-work shown in Figure 2 and comprising edge plates il and 5 of sheet metal of a width and length substantially equal to corresponding dimensions of the finished slab or stud. The edges 4 and 5 are secured by spot welding or other suitable means to angle irons G and 'I arranged longitudinally of the edges and The high tensile strength possessed by the having their angles facing outwardly. The angle irons are preferably suiciently heavy to withstand their proportion of the tensile and com- 'pressive'stresses to which the stud may be subjected. The angle irons 6 and 'I are preferably spaced apart, being bridged by the edge members 5l vand 5. The edge members Il and 5 are preferably of sheet metal thin enough to be penetrated by a nail. The angle irons 6 and 'i on opposite sides of the stud are tied by tie rods B andi), which are suitably spaced apart and are spotvwelded or otherwise secured to the inner flanges of the angle irons 6 and l. The tie rods 8 and 9 prevent a bulging of the angle irons 6 and 'land of the eidgemembers 4 and 5 under compressive and other stresses.

The edge members Il and 5 at their ends are bridged by end members whichcomprise a cross piece- Ill of the widthof the edge members 4 and 5.; Each member Iii'has downwardly extending flanges II and I2. A similar cross piece I :t hav-l ing similar flanges I4 and I5 is secured as by spot welding or by other suitable means to the cross piece 2B, the anges i4 and I5 extending upwardly or oppositely to anges I I and l2.k The end member thus formed is secured as a unit to the stud through the flanges II and I2 which are either spot welded to the edge members or,Y united thereto by means of nails or other fastening means driven through the flanges II and i2 and through the ends of the edge members 1i and 5 overlapped thereby. f y

If it should be desirable to form the crosspiece I6 and the flanges II and I2 of sheet metal too thick to permit of the driving of nails therethrough, holes for the nails vor other fastening means may be preformed. Where nails or other securing means than spot welding are employed, a cementitious material I6 is cast within the edge members l and 5 and about the members 6, l, 8, and 9 of the skeletal frame before thenails are driven so that such nails when driven will penetrate the cementitious material. It is obvious that the cementitious material should be nailpenetrable and to this end it may be composed of a mixture of gypsum, Portland cement and sawdust, represented approximately in the proportions, by weight, 55: 20: 9, this mixture having been moistened and molded while in a plastic state and later setting into a hard mass. Other nailable compositions, however, may be employed as the filling material.

After the cementitious material has been cast within the space dened by the edge members and end pieces and the end pieces are positioned,

the stud is complete. Projecting from its opposite ends are the flanges I4 and I5 which may be bendable so that in shipping the stud they may be hammered flat against the cross piece I3 so as to conserve space in shipping. It is preferable to leave them projecting in their original state and so to maintain the original strength of the lugs. The flanges are preferably thin enough to be penetrated by a driven nail.' If it is desired to make them thicker, they may be provided with preformed holes for the nails.

Figure 1 shows a vertical stud 3 nailed to the edge members of horizontal studs land 2. The nails have penetrated the side members 4 in the region of the channel formed between the angle irons 6 and l. When the edge members 4 and 5 are of material not readily penetrable by nails, they are provided at convenient intervals with preformed nail holes.

It is obvious that a construction such as has been described has all of the bending resistance of wood inasmuch as if the front side is under compression, the back side will be under tension which is resisted by the metallic edge member and the angle irons. The metallic edge member on that side which is under compression is supported by the cementitious lling material itself which has a high compressive resistance. It is also kept from bulging by the tie rods 8 and 9.

for masonry wall, it is obvious that a studding Vsystemvembracing units of the present invention will effectively resist inward'bulging such as is produced b-y wind pressure. The nature of the attachment of the studs one to another and the structure of the studs themselves will prevent disintegration from earth Vibrations of a system composed entirely of the studs described.

A studding system Yfollowing the principles of the present invention can be constructed f as readily as where wooden studding is employed. The studding of the present invention has an advantage over wood in that it possesses the qualities of resistance to the several kinds of stresses to which it maybe subjected to a greater degree than wood. It'is at the s ame time absolutely reproof. Y

It is to be understood that the specic details of construction as shown in the drawing and described in this specification are merely illustrative and are not to be construed as limitative of the scope of the invention claimed.

What is claimed as new and is desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. A stud or beam for building construction comprising'a rectangular metallic frame having edge and end members, the edge members being each composed of spaced angle irons having their angles outwardly directed, a longitudinal sheet metal strip integrally secured to said angle irons and bridging the space between them, metallic connections between the edge members, and a cementitious mass integrally disposed within said frame and filling the space dened by said frame members.

2. A stud or beam for building construction comprising a rectangular metallic frame having edge and end members, the edge members each being composed of spaced angle irons having their angles outwardly directed, nail-penetrable longitudinal sheet metal strip integrally secured to said angle irons and bridging the space between them, metallic connections between the edge members, and a nail-penetrable cementitious mass integrally disposed within said frame and filling the space dened by said frame members. Y 3. A stud or beam for building construction comprising a rectangular metallic frame having edge and end members, the edge members being each composed of spaced angle irons having their angles outwardly directed, nail-penetrable longitudinal sheet metal strip integrally secured to said angle irons and bridging the space between them, metallic connections between the edge members, a nail-penetrable cementitious mass integrally disposed within said frame members, and lugs spaced apart a distance substantially the width of the stud and projecting longitudinally beyond said end members.

4. In combination with a composite sheet metal and cementitious stud, an end member for the stud comprising a strip of metal of H-shape, the body of said member being adapted to enclose the end of the stud, and the side members thereof telescoping over such stud for attachment thereto.

5.v In combination with a composite sheet metal and cementitious stud, an end member for a stud comprising two opposed U-shaped members, said members being attached one to another at their closed sides, and the legs of each of said U- shaped members telescopng over sections of the stud for attachment thereto..

6. A stud or beam for building construction comprising a frame composed of a pair of laterally-spaced metallic edge members, a longitudinal rib extending from each of the opposed faces of the edge members, metallic cross-pieces extending between and rigidly connected to the ribs upon opposite faces of the edge members and a nailable cementitious mass integrally disposed between said edge members and embedding said cross pieces.

7. A stud or beam for building construction comprising a frame composed of a pair of laterally-spaced metallic edge members, a pair of angle irons located in spaced relation upon each of the opposed faces of the edge members, metallic cross-pieces extending between and rigidly connected to the flanges of corresponding angle irons and a nailable cementitious mass integrally disposed between said edge members and em- EDW'IN D. CODDINGTON. 

